EVOLVING SELF INSTRUCTIONAL PACKAGE ON PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT
Ummed Singh
Opas Intarawong
INTRODUCTION
Twentieth
century seems to be a period of revolution in the field of educational
technology. Many researchers have emphasized the need for individualized
instruction for developing each and every child as per his or her capabilities.
The areas which have been given attention fall into the following categories : individualization of instruction, systematic
development of instructional materials, tasks performed by the instructional
designer and the design of the environment in which instruction takes place.
The educators are aware of the significance of individual performance and,
indeed, their concern with adapting to the needs of the student is a familiar
theme which has been repeated over and over and again which provides the
justification and basic premise for many current educational innovations and
experiments. Mass instruction seems to be least effective method of instruction
because pupils differ widely in readiness, potentiality, levels of development,
skills and learning styles. Non-participating children usually do not know what
they must do in order to learn. Every child is to be made an independent
learner at whatever level his native endowment permits. Self-learning begins
with the mass, but moves toward the individual through subgroups. Therefore, in
order to make the student more active and his learning more effective, we have
to introduce the concept of self-learning with education as ‘pupil-centered’
.It is usually found that the educational administrators, when join an
educational institution as a raw hand or at any time of their administrative
career, come across certain problems which they have to solve for the smooth
running of their institutions. For lack of any systematic training in
management and administration with special emphasis on decision making, they
often find it quite difficult to take right and quick decisions. Unfortunately,
our present system of teacher education does not provide for the training of
educational administrators. When the problems suddenly appear before them , they take decisions instantaneously. It has also been
observed that most of the educational administrators hesitate to take
independent decisions. Either they look towards higher authorities or always
seek the help of senior teachers in the schools. The present research work was
taken up with the objective to develop self –instructional package for the
training of educational administrators in personnel management.
OBJECTIVES
OF THE STUDY
1. To develop self-instructional package in the form of Computer slide show in
Power point on selected two topics of ‘ Personnel Management’ for B.Sc. students.
2. To
study the effectiveness
of the developed
self-instructional packages on
‘Personnel Management’ for the
B.Sc. students of Rajabhat Institute Rambhaibarni , Chantaburi.
3.
To study
the effectiveness of the developed
self-instructional packages on
‘Personnel Management’ for the B.Sc. students of Rajabhat Institute
Rambhaibarni , Rayong campus.
4. To study
the effectiveness of
the developed self-instructional packages followed by discussion for the B.Sc.
students of Rajabhat Institute Rambhaibarni, Chantaburi.
5. To
study the effectiveness
of the developed
self-instructional packages
followed by discussion for the B.Sc. students of Rajabhat Institute Rambhaibarni,
Rayong campus.
6. To
study the effectiveness
of the developed
self-instructional package with
worksheet for the B.Sc. students of Rajabhat Institute
Rambhaibarni, Chantaburi.
7.
To study
the effectiveness of the developed
self-instructional package with
worksheet for the B.Sc. students of Rajabhat Institute
Rambhaibarni, Rayong campus.
8. To compare the effectiveness of
self-instructional package-1 developed on ‘Personnel Management’ and used for
teaching in three different situation.
9. To compare the effectiveness of
self-instructional package-2 developed on ‘Personnel Management’ and used for
teaching in three different situation.
10.
To evaluate the self-instructional package developed on ‘Personnel Management’
by educational experts.
11.
To get the opinions of the selected students of Chantaburi and Rayong campus
regarding the developed self-instructional package on ‘Personnel Management’.
HYPOTHESES
OF THE STUDY
1. There
will be no
significant difference at
0.01 level between
the mean pre
and post-test scores
obtained after the
treatment of Self-instructional package
in experimental group- Ι .
2. There
will be no
significant difference at
0.01 level between
the mean pre
and post-test scores
obtained after the
treatment of Self-instructional package followed by discussion in experimental group- ΙI.
3. There
will be no
significant difference at
0.01 level between
the mean pre
and post-test scores
obtained after the
treatment of Self-instructional package with worksheet in
experimental group- ΙII.
4. There
will be no
significant difference at
0.01 level between
the mean gain
scores obtained on the basis
of pre and
post criterion tests on B.Sc. students of three Experimental groups for Package-1.
5. There
will be no
significant difference at
0.01 level between
the mean gain
scores obtained on
the basis of
pre and post criterion tests on B.Sc. students
of three Experimental groups for
Package-2.
6. There
will be no
significant difference at
0.01 level between
the mean gain
scores obtained on
the basis of
pre and post criterion tests on B.Sc. students
of Chantaburi and Rayong campus for
treatment-1.
7. There
will be no
significant difference at
0.01 level between
the mean gain
scores obtained on
the basis of
pre and post criterion tests on B.Sc. students
of Chantaburi and Rayong campus for
treatment-2.
8. There
will be no
significant difference at
0.01 level between
the mean gain
scores obtained on
the basis of
pre and post criterion tests on B.Sc. students
of Chantaburi and Rayong campus for
treatment-3.
9. There
will be no
significant difference at
0.01 level between the means of post test and Retention test ( taken
after one month of the experiment ) scores for Experimental group-1.
10. There
will be no
significant difference at
0.01 level between the means of post test and Retention test ( taken
after one month of the experiment ) scores for Experimental group-2.
11. There
will be no
significant difference at
0.01 level between the means of post test and Retention test ( taken
after one month of the experiment ) scores for Experimental group-3.
12. There
will be no
significant difference at
0.01 level among
the mean Retention
test scores of three
Experimental groups taken after one
month of the experiment for package-1.
13. There
will be no
significant difference at
0.01 level among
the mean Retention
test scores of three Experimental groups taken after one month of the
experiment for package-2.
14. There
will be no
favourable opinions of
the majority ( 80 percent) of
the trainees about
the developed self-instructional package on selected two topics of ‘Personnel
Management’.
DESIGN
OF THE STUDY
For
providing teaching one group Pre Test- Treatment- Post test design was
followed. At first Pre test based on content was administered. After Pre-test
three Treatments were given in three Experimental groups differently. Then to
know the impact and effectiveness of the treatment Post test was administer and
influence of treatment is evaluated through gain score analysis. Therefore,
research design for present study was : Single Group
Pre test – Treatment – Post test Design with Replication.
Sample
180
Students studying B.Sc course in Rajabhat Institute Rambhai barni
, Chanta buri and 180 students studying B.Sc. course in Rajabhat Rambhai
barni , Rayong Campus formed the sample
for the present study.
STAGES
OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE PACKAGE
In
order to develop a Self-instructional package on “ Personnel Management ” following steps were followed
:Need Assessment of the Training; Determination of Training Objectives;
Selection and Organisation of content of the Training; Selection of Methods and
Tools required for Package; Plan for Execution; Plan for Evaluation; and
Finalization of Training Programme Package.
DESCRIPTION
OF VARIOUS TASKS INVOLVED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PACKAGE
Steps
Involved in the Evolving a Package and
Activities done in each step were as follows:
1.
Need Assessment of the Training: Conducting
Need Assessment Test
2. Setting the Objectives:
Analysis of the objectives
from the trainer’s
point of view, from the
participants’ point of
view and deciding the objectives
of the training
programme in each phase.
3.
Selection and Organisation of content of the Training:
Content
Analysis; Preparation of Trainer’s Manual; Preparation of Trainees Manual
4.
Selection of Methods and Tools required for training Package:
Deciding
the Objectives of the Training Programme; Finalization of activities for each traits in Training Programme; Selection of Tools and
Resources required for a Training Programme; Selection of the Methods of
Instruction.
5.
Plan for Execution:
Deciding the time of execution of the Training
Programme.
6.
Plan for Evaluation:
Finalization
of the aspects to be evaluated in Trainer’s Manual, Trainees manual and
Activities
7.
Finalisation of Training Programme Package:
Analysis of the responses of the B.Sc. students for the Statements asked
in the Trainees Manual Check List, Activities evaluation Check list.
In
the present study in order to collect data Self-instructional package in the
form of slide show in power point, worksheet, criterion tests, evaluation sheet
for experts and opinionnaire were developed by the investigators. Significance
of the difference between pre and post test scores for the experimental groups
were computed by finding out‘t’ ratio for the two correlated means. Whereas the
significance of the difference among gain scores obtained on the basis of pre
and post criterion tests by three experimental groups were computed by analysis
of variance. The opinions of the students about the self-instructional package were
computed by finding out the percentage and chi-square. The whole data were
analysed on computer through SPSS-package to maintain the accuracy of
calculations.
MAJOR
FINDINGS OF THE STUDY
1.
The study has resulted in the development of Self-instructional packages on
selected two topics of ‘Personnel Management’ for self- learning of the B.Sc.
students of Rajabhat Institue, Rambhai barni .
2. The developed Self-instructional packages on
‘Personnel Management’ were found significantly effective in learning by the
B.Sc. students of Chantaburi and Rayong campus.
3.
The developed Self-instructional packages with worksheet on ‘Personnel
Management’ were found significantly effective in learning by the B.Sc.
students of Chantaburi and Rayong campus
4.
The developed Self-instructional packages on ‘Personnel Management’ followed by
discussion were found significantly effective in learning by the B.Sc. students
of Chantaburi and Rayong campus.
5.
The packages were qualitatively evaluated by the students with the help of an
opinionnaire. The majority of the students found the packages knowledgeable,
informative, systematic and interesting. Some of the students pointed out few
limitations related to the quality of conversations and visuals. Majority of
the students liked and enjoyed learning through self-instructional package.
They were also shown their interest to use such packages in future for other
subjects too.
6.
All the experts under qualitative evaluation of the package found the theme and
sequence of slides very appropriate. They differed on visual aspects and
narration. In spite of some limitations, experts evaluated the package as an
appreciable attempt.
EDUCATIONAL
IMPLICATIONS OF THE STUDY
Self-instructional
package holds great potential for individual as well as group learning if
properly and systematically developed in accordance with the needs of the
learners. By such package one can learn at his own pace with immediate
personalized feed back and knowledge of progress.The result of present study
indicates that teacher made instructional package based on their student needs
can be used effectively for teaching and providing information to the learners.
Therefore , such more attempts should be taken for some other important
subjects and topics as per the needs of the clients.The study has also
implications for administrators , principals , teachers and students for better
planning the teaching learning process.